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THE AMERICAN EMPIRE:
The Corporate / Pentagon / CIA / Missionary Archipelago
December 5, 1998
Written By S.R. Shearer
[Much of the information for this article came from Noam
Chomsky's book, The Washington Connection and Third World
Fascism and Gerard Colby and Charlotte Dennett's book, Thy Will
Be Done.] |
"We are only in the very dawn of COMMERCE,
and we owe that dawn, with all its promise to the channels opened
up by CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES ... The effect of the missionary
enterprise of the English speaking people will be to bring them
the ... CONQUEST OF THE WORLD." |
- Rev. Frederick Gates,
Baptist Minister
Letter to John D. Rockefeller, Sr.
April 17, 1905 |
"For the love of money (i.e., COMMERCE) is the
root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have
erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many
sorrows.
"But thou, O man of God, FLEE THESE THINGS (i.e., money,
commerce and the things related to them); and follow after righteousness,
godliness, faith, love, patience, meekness." |
I Tim. 6:10-11 |
"... so-called (American patriots - including much
of today's evangelicals) not only do not disapprove of atrocities
committed by ... (the United States), but they have a remarkable
capacity for not even hearing about them." |
- Adapted from a saying by George Orwell
"Notes on Nationalism," 1945 |
"God grant us the ability to see ourselves the way
others see us." |
- Robert Burns |
INTRODUCTION
In the early part of this century a rather peculiar phrase - "Banana
Republic" - entered our vocabulary and became a part of the American
lexicon, spreading so far and wide in the popular mindset that millions
and millions of teenagers today proudly wear clothes purchased from
stores which bear that label. To modern young people, the term "Banana
Republic" means chic, and is connected to the "Smart Set," the
"In Crowd" and "The Clique." But it was not always so.
The term was originally coined by "muckrakers" to describe what they
considered to be the iniquitous and almost criminal goings-on of certain
rapacious and predatory American companies in the Caribbean and Central
America - particularly, the behavior of the United Fruit Company. The
United Fruit Company had been formed in the early part of the twentieth
century by a group of Boston investors associated with the First National
Bank of Boston who were connected to Latin American fruit, sugar, coffee
and railroad interests. These investors came early on to realize that
huge profits - profits far beyond what were possible here in the United
States - could be made by exploiting what we today call the "Third World"
or the "Developing World." These countries, they realized, were not
burdened by restrictive tax laws, regulations on labor conditions, rules
on banking practices and usury, etc. as were companies whose operations
were indigenous to the United States. As a result, enormous
"returns on investment" were possible. The countries in which United
Fruit came to operate were called "banana republics" after the fruit
which the company harvested there for export back to the United States
and later into Europe. United Fruit was closely linked to the Rockefeller
holdings.
UNITED FRUIT'S INVESTORS
In
addition to the creme de la creme of Boston society and Rockefeller
banking interests, there were other very important people who were associated
with the company; for example, there was Nelson Rockefeller's former
assistant at the State Department, John Moors Cabot (part of the Cabot-Lodge
nexus), who owned a large block of stock in United Fruit (he later wrangled
for himself a convenient ambassadorship to Guatemala); then there was
John's brother, Thomas C. Cabot, Jr., who briefly served as president
of United Fruit; there was also John J. McCloy, later closely associated
with the CIA and the World Bank; there was also John Foster Dulles,
head of the Rockefeller Foundation and later head of the U.S. State
Department, and his brother Allen, who became CIA Chief under President
Eisenhower - and on and on ad infinitum. It was a Who's Who
of some of this nation's wealthiest families - pretty much the same
ivy league crowd which later took over the CIA and the State Department
after the Second World War.
So powerful did the company become over the years in Latin America,
that in certain countries, particularly Guatemala and Nicaragua, it
set up and put down governments at will on the basis of how these governments
related to the "bottom-line" of the company's ledgers: those governments
which served the interests of United Fruit (and, ipso facto,
the company's investors back in Boston) were supported; those governments
which did not were ruthlessly and mercilessly squashed - usually with
the help of the U.S. consulate in the area.
UNITED FRUIT'S SHAKE-DOWN TECHNIQUES
AND THE SEARCH FOR "COMPLIANT WORKERS"
The "shake-down" techniques "pioneered" by United Fruit consisted
of relating the financial interests of the company to those of the host
country's local military and business communities, and then combining
with them to seize the national government and subordinate it to the
accomplishment of their own aims (which meant, of course, their mutual
enrichment). Among the objectives which served the interests of United
Fruit were special tax privileges, wage controls (which usually meant
subsistent wages for everyone except the company's "managerial class"),
a "favorable investment climate" (i.e., the "free flow" of capital in
and out of the country so as to insure that profits would revert to
the investors back in Boston and not to the indigenous population),
and most importantly, compliant and "willing" workers - which meant,
naturally, no unions.
What all this translated into insofar as the great majority of the
population was concerned (approximately 80 percent of the populace)
was the destruction of their indigenous economy [which, while it had
not provided a high living standard (though in many ways it had provided
a standard of living comparable to that enjoyed by settlers in the American
rural west in the latter half of the nineteenth century), it had not
reduced them to a state of "indentured servitude"], the reduction of
the peasants into a kind of "farm slavery" in the service of United
Fruit's local plantations, and their concomitant "marginalization" insofar
as the political process was concerned. "Democracies" in such countries
were "open" only insofar as the 20 percent or so of the population which
had combined their economic interests with United Fruit. The rest of
the population was "cut out" of the political process much in the same
fashion that blacks were cut out of the political process in the American
South from the 1870s to the early 1950s.
DEMOCRACY AS A THREAT TO
U.S. CORPORATE INTERESTS
Naturally, the broadening of the political process by reformist-minded
local politicians to include the 80 percent of the population which
had been left out of the financial benefits of United Fruit's "new economic
order" were discouraged - even to the point of using terror. As noted
by Edward A Jesser, Jr., chairman of the United Jersey Banks, in a speech
to the American Bankers Association, democracy was clearly not conducive
to a "favorable business climate:"
"Quick and tough decisions can be made in a relatively short time
in a ... (military dictatorship) compared to the difficulty there
is in reaching agreement on what actions to take in a democracy."[1]
Democratic threats by populist reformers aimed at the interests of
foreign investors - i.e., efforts directed at improving the lot of the
poor and oppressed, including the encouragement of independent trade
unions - were dealt with harshly. Take, for example, what happened in
Guatemala when the agrarian reformer, Jacobo Arbenz, was elected in
1952 to the Guatemalan presidency in one of the few honest elections
that Guatemala has ever had. After taking office, Arbenz embarked on
a program of land redistribution that included expropriating uncultivated
land. The largest owner of uncultivated land in Guatemala was, of course,
Boston's United Fruit Company. The purpose of the land reform was to
return to the peasants the land which had earlier been stolen
from them by greedy Guatemalan businessmen - with the active encouragement
of United Fruit - who had then eagerly turned around and re-sold the
land to United Fruit. On paper, it all looked legal. It gave title deed
to the land to United Fruit. But the people who had sold the land to
United Fruit were the same people who had stolen it from the peasants
- and all this was no secret to United Fruit's investors. Indeed, behind
the whole unseemly land sale - from the original expropriation of the
land from the peasants to its re-sale to United Fruit - were the unscrupulous,
unprincipled, and venal hands of United Fruit's investors back in Boston.
ADOLF BERLE
Fearing
that Arbenz was about to "re-expropriate" all "their" land (again,
land which they had earlier swindled from the peasants), these investors
coalesced in a "study group" in October 1952 sponsored by the Council
on Foreign Affairs - the "liberal" arm of America's ruling elite[2]
- and issued a report entitled "Political Unrest in Latin America."
The study group was led by Adolf Berle, a businessman inexorably linked
to Rockefeller interests in Latin America. Berle also served on the
board of the Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology, a foundation
the CIA created as a cover for MK-ULTRA. "I am frightened
about this one" (meaning MK-ULTRA), Berle wrote in his
diary. "If the scientists do what they have laid out for themselves,
men will become manageable ants."[3] [Please see our articles on MK-ULTRA]
What all this served to emphasize was how fundamentally intertwined
the interests of the CIA and American business were in this matter.
At
the meeting, several of United Fruit's Boston investors voiced their
opinion about what to do regarding Arbenz's land reform policies. Much
heated discussion followed. At last, Adolf Berle made a suggestion -
and in doing so, he laid bear what the American elite was really up
to in its "War Against Communism:" "Let's characterize the Arbenz
government as ... communist," Berle suggested, "and (not merely) communist,
but as a Russian-controlled dictatorship."
U.S. CORPORATE INTERESTS AND
THE "WAR AGAINST COMMUNISM"
Berle knew, as did most of his cronies at United Fruit, that what
was going on in Guatemala insofar as Arbenz was concerned had little
to do with communism - especially Russian communism - and everything
to do with their own greedy, self-absorbed avarice. Arbenz was no communist
and most of his peasant followers weren't either. The fact is, none
of the peasants had any real understanding at all of this rather complicated
ideology. All they knew was that their land had been stolen from them
by United Fruit, and they wanted it back. They wanted to work their
own land, not work as "day laborers" for subsistence wages for United
Fruit on land they had once owned - hardly a recipe for communism (communism
does not permit the private ownership of land). Nonetheless, in Berle's
mind, it followed - somehow - that an elected government that displeased
American corporate interests like United Fruit was communist, and -
even more than that - "Arbenz himself represented ... a clear-cut intervention
by a foreign power, in this case, the Soviet Union."[4] In other words,
according to Berle and his associates at United Fruit, Arbenz was a
communist agent of the Soviet Union.
How convenient for American corporate interests which get into
trouble with indigenous populations in foreign lands as a result of
their own cupidity and avarice. Blame their troubles on the communists,
wave the flag back home, and call in the American military to "save
the country for democracy" - and to hell with the lives of the American
soldiers which would be lost as a result, to say nothing of the lives
of the native population of the "host countries." That fork taken,
Berle raced down a path which in the years to come was to become a well
trodden one for U.S. corporate interests throughout Latin America: "It
seemed to me that there was perfectly good ground for the United States
to invoke the Act of Chapultepec and the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro, pledging
all hands to defend against domination from without the hemisphere ...
Certainly the Council on Foreign Relations the other night agreed generally
that the Guatemalan government (of Jacobo Arbenz) was communist."[5]
But what else did Berle expect from the CFR? - despite their "liberal"
proclivities with regard to certain social and religious issues, all
the members of the CFR, like Berle, held vast amounts of stock in America's
multinationals. They were all very wealthy individuals who had as much
at stake in the capitalist system as did Berle. Communism was as much
a threat to their wealth as it was to United Fruit's wealth.
In short order, the corporate interests involved with United Fruit
began to converge around the Rockefellers. The "team" was being
assembled: "I am arranging to see Nelson Rockefeller," Berle
said, "he knows the situation and can work a little with General Eisenhower
on it."[6] Shortly after Eisenhower's election, Berle also brought the
machinations in Guatemala to the attention of CIA Director Allen Dulles.
Berle had now brought three members of the team together: (1) Corporate
America, (2) the Administration (specifically, the State Department),
and (3) the CIA. He now began work to bring the fourth member of
the team aboard: the American evangelical community.
PROTESTANT MISSIONARIES AND
THE "WAR AGAINST COMMUNISM"
For this, he turned to an old friend of his; another associate of
the Rockefeller's, J.C. King. King was an "old hand" in Latin American
affairs, having won promotion up through the intelligence bureaucracy
because of his involvement in sensitive intelligence work in Argentina,
one of Latin America's most volatile posts. King had been a military
attaché there shortly after the war. Nazi scientists and Gestapo
officers were being recruited by the U.S. Army Command in Germany for
work against local communists; many of these men were then allowed to
pass through the "rat pipeline" with Vatican passports from Italy and
Spain to Argentina, where King, who had gained access to seized records
on secret German holdings in Argentina and other Latin American countries,
was monitoring the corporate investments of the fugitives. At least
a dozen of these top Nazi fugitives were "turned into" CIA assets in
countries like Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Columbia, Paraguay, to say nothing
of Argentina itself.
The success of King's operation in Argentina was evident by his meteoric
rise to the equivalent rank of a lieutenant general in the CIA, and
his appointment as the agency's first Chief of Clandestine Services
in the Western Hemisphere. For intelligence gathering, he relied on
American businessmen who were overseeing subsidiaries of major corporations
in Latin America, as well as the local police. The problem with these
sources of information were that they were severely limited insofar
as their ability to gather information at a country's grassroots level:
its peasant population. American businessmen could hardly be counted
on as a reliable source of information insofar as the peasants were
concerned. And the peasants feared the local police. As a result, the
American intelligence community was severely limited in its capacity
to provide accurate and broad political intelligence on a grassroots
level - particularly in the countryside, where most of Latin America's
population still lived in 1952. Other sources of information were needed,
people who, if not members of the targeted population themselves, had
the trust of those who were: people whose presence in the rural areas
would not be threatening or lacking in reason, who were academically
trained and could give insightful analysis into mores, if not political
developments. The answer? - American Protestant missionaries!
THE CATHOLICS AND THE CIA
The CIA tended to avoid involving the Catholic clergy in their activities.
First of all, the Catholic clergy was not as enamored with the CIA and
the American business community as were the Protestant missionaries;
secondly, so appalled had much of the Catholic clergy become over the
worsening conditions of the poor in Latin America that many of them
were beginning to embrace a new and revolutionary theology known as
Liberation Theology, a theology which, in essence, stood against
everything U.S. corporate interests were up to in Latin America. All
this goes a long way in shedding some light on why the governing elites
of Latin America opened up the doors of their countries to the Protestant
missionaries. One would have thought - given the Catholicism of most
in Latin America's ruling elite - that they would have done the opposite
- prevented the penetration of their countries by the Protestants. But
their financial interests took precedence over their religious interests
- hence the aid they offered, in coordination with the CIA, to the Protestant
missionairy.
THE PROTESTANT MISSIONARIES
AND THE CIA IN THE PHILIPPINES
The CIA had used the Protestant missionaries to great effect in another
Catholic country: the Philippines. They had been "employed" in that
country in a CIA campaign against the Huks. There, the CIA, operating
through an organization called the Free Asia Committee, had collaborated
successfully with a number of Protestant missionary groups - especially
two: (1) the Wycliffe Bible Translators and (2) the Summer Institute
of Linguistics (SIL) [in reality, both were really one and the same
organization] - to quash the Huk uprising and install Ramon Magsaysa
as president of the Philippines. To be sure, Wycliffe and the other
Protestant groups had not been engaged directly in any of the combat
activities directed against the Huks, but they had acted as "pamphleteers"
for the CIA and as "information gatherers." The same Protestant missionary
organizations, King and the CIA believed, could be effectively used
in Guatemala. And the bait the CIA used to reel the Protestants in?
- money, of course. The "exchange" between the CIA and the missionaries
was a simple one: money for information and propaganda work on behalf
of the CIA's "War Against Communism."
The CIA turned to its corporate clients, and the money faucet was
opened. Rockefeller money and other corporate funds poured into Wycliffe's
coffers and the coffers of other Protestant groups. It was a bananza!
Now the world could be evangelized! - but at what a price: over
the bodies of millions and millions of "Third World" peasants throughout
the world who were branded as communists and slaughtered in the service
of U.S. corporate interests. Missionary activity directed at helping
the CIA in its "war against Communist subversion" thus became King's
(and, ipso facto, the CIA's) answer for getting reliable people
"on the ground" in areas "off limits" to the American business community
and the local police. Missionaries could go where business people and
the police were unwelcome. Moreover, they had "cover" - specifically,
their missionary activity.
MONEY AND THE GOSPEL,
LIKE OIL AND WATER, DON'T MIX
In their defense, it must be said that many of the missionaries involved
(though certainly not all) had no idea of what was going on. All they
knew is that they were receiving a lot of supportive attention from
local authorities (i.e., the police and the local military) and from
the U.S. embassy. Indeed, many of them received standard, pro-forma
briefings from their mission boards to avoid contact with U.S. intelligence
officials. Nonetheless, intelligence officers have ways of debriefing
people who are not in the "know" in ways they can't imagine - and so
it was with so many of the Protestant missionaries. Of course, that
was certainly not true with everyone. Many of the missionaries were
fully cognizant of their "secondary mission" insofar as their evangelizing
was concerned. And most assuredly, the upper echelons of their organizations
knew perfectly well what was going on. Indeed, they not only knew what
was occurring, they supported it.
They had become convinced - in their frequent conversations with
their new corporate sponsors - of the righteousness of their cause.
In their minds, the "War on Communism" and the "Preaching of the Gospel"
became one and the same thing. MONEY HAD BLINDED THEM TO WHAT WAS REALLY
HAPPENING - THAT THEY WERE BEING USED AS "TOADIES" IN THE SERVICE OF
CORPORATE AMERICA, AND IN DOING SO, HELPING CORPORATE AMERICA ENSLAVE
THE VERY PEOPLE GOD HAD CALLED THEM TO PREACH THE GOSPEL TO. Money
makes dupes out of all of us! - even the best of us, even people like
Cam Townsend, founder and president of SIL and the Wycliffe Bible Translators.
Yes, thousands and thousands of people over the years have been brought
to a saving knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ through the dedicated
and sacrificial work of missionaries connected to Wycliffe, SIL,
and other Protestant missionary groups, but at the same time, countless
others in the "Third World" have been "turned off" to Christianity as
a result of the connection of missionary activity with American corporate
interests. In the eyes of many of the poor in the "Third World," Christianity
is a "rich man's religion."
Jesus despised money [indeed, the great Italian Christian
writer, Giovanni Papini, in his Life of Christ, has said that
there is no real indication (either in the Gospels or the Epistles)
that Jesus ever handled it - which is probably true], and took great
care to avoid connecting it with His Kingdom, and it's for this reason
that He -
"... called unto him the twelve, and began to send them forth by
two and two ...
"And commanded them that they should take nothing
for their journey, save a staff only; no scrip, no bread, no
money in their purse:
"But be shod with sandals; and not put on two coats. (Mark 6:7-9)
Jesus knew what money would do to the Gospel: it would compromise
it. This is why He told the "rich man" in Mark 19 to -
"... go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor,
and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come and follow me." (Matt.
19:21) [And note something here: Jesus didn't want the rich man's
money - not even to advance the work that He was doing; instead, He
told him to give it to the poor.]
THE CHURCH DOESN'T NEED
THE WEALTH OF THE RICH
Money corrupts! It pollutes and stains everything it touches. This
is why Jesus cautioned His disciples:
"... Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what
ye shall eat; neither for the body, what ye shall put on.
"The life is more than meat, and the body is more than raiment.
"Consider the ravens: for they neither sow nor reap; which neither
have storehouse nor barn; and God feedeth them: how much more are
ye better than the fowls?
"And which of you with taking thought can add to his stature one cubit?
"If ye then be not able to do that thing which is least, why take
ye thought for the rest?
"Consider the lilies how they grow: they toil not, they spin not;
and yet I say unto you, that Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed
like one of these.
"If then God so clothe the grass, which is to day in the field, and
to morrow is cast into the oven; how much more will he clothe you,
O ye of little faith?
"And seek not ye what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink, neither
be ye of doubtful mind. (Luke 12:22-29)
CHRIST WILL TAKE MONEY FROM THE
POOR THAT IS SACRIFICIALLY GIVEN
Now, this isn't to say that all money is useless in the work of the
Gospel; money that is given sacrificially - from the hands of
the poor - that kind of giving is acceptable to Christ. But money that
is given out the abundance of one's surplus - a surplus one has wasted
a lifetime accumulating - i.e., money from the rich, that's quite another:
"And Jesus sat over against the treasury, and beheld how the people
cast money into the treasury: and many that were rich cast in much.
"And there came a certain poor widow, and she threw in two
mites, which make a farthing.
"And he called unto him his disciples, and saith unto them, Verily
I say unto you, That this poor widow hath cast more in, than all they
which have cast into the treasury:
"For all they did cast in of their abundance; but she of
her want (i.e., of her poverty) did cast in all that
she had, even all her living. (Mark 12:41-44)
Jesus doesn't need the wealth of the rich, and pastors and other Christian
leaders who take it are making a big mistake. In time, they will be
made a prisoner of those who give it! Christ's advice to the rich man,
was for him NOT to give it to the work of the church, but to get rid
of it! - and by doing so, to save himself from its corrupting
influence (Matt. 19:21). But He will take money that is sacrificially
given. That is an honor and a glory to Him. The widow's penny
is worth more to the Kingdom of God than all the millions of the wealthy.
And what do we mean by "sacrificial?" - we mean this: when you go
to give your money, don't do what most people do: pay their monthly
bills and take care of their own needs and pleasures first, and then
if there is anything left over, the Lord can have it. That's a shame
to the Lord - the Lord God gets the hindermost. Give first
to the Lord - and as much as possible, do it in secret!
Don't make a show of it. And give what He tells you to
give. Sometimes it may be little, sometimes it may be much, and sometimes
it may be everything - just as it was with the "poor widow" who
gave "... all that she had, even all her living." (Mark 12:44)
MONEY CORRUPTS GOD'S CHURCH
The sad thing about all this is, while evangelicals give lip service
to these verses, they don't really believe them - AND THIS IS WHY
THE CHURCH HAS GOTTEN INTO SO MUCH TROUBLE WITH THE WORLD OVER THE YEARS.
This is why the church has been so corrupted.
And it's not only the wealth of "outsiders" that corrupts the church,
it's the wealth of "insiders" as well. How many pastors, for instance,
have been corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ Jesus by the
money of certain individuals in the church? - money that the pastor
has come to depend upon. Oh, the corruption that comes from such things:
the subtle twisting of mind and soul that results. The slow bending
of the church to the will of those who have wealth: for example, the
contamination of W.A. Criswell's First Baptist Church in Dallas, Texas
because of the Hunt brothers; the introduction of anti-Semitic speakers
(i.e., the Rev. Gerald L.K. Smith and others) into BIOLA and R.A. Tory's
Church of the Open Door in the 1930s as a result of the influence of
Ford and Union Oil money, etc. The list is endless. There's probably
not a Christian reading this article that doesn't have some kind of
story to tell about this matter in his or her church.
James, the brother of Jesus, recognized the corrupting influence of
money, and warned the disciples against letting themselves become captives
to the influence of those who possess it:
"My brethren, do not hold your faith in our glorious Lord Jesus
Christ with {an attitude of} personal favoritism.
"For if a man comes into your assembly with a gold ring and dressed
in fine clothes, and there also comes in a poor man in dirty clothes,
"and you pay special attention to the one who is wearing the fine
clothes, and say, "You sit here in a good place," and you say to the
poor man, "You stand over there, or sit down by my footstool,"
"have you not made distinctions among yourselves, and become judges
with evil motives? "Listen, my beloved brethren: did
not God choose the poor of this world {to be} rich in faith and
heirs of the kingdom which He promised to those who love Him?
"But you have dishonored the poor man. Is it not the rich who
oppress you and personally drag you into court?
"Do they not blaspheme the fair name ... [of Jesus by their life-styles
and their ostentatious show of wealth][7] "... if you show partiality,
you are committing sin ..." (James 2:1-7, 9 NASB)
How many pastors today hate themselves for what it has done to them!
The secret, self-loathing that it creates in the hearts and souls of
pastors and leaders all over the world is too much to even be estimated.
The fawning, cringing and sniveling "toadies" that it eventually turns
many of God's leaders into is a sad, albeit, secret story that most
pastors and leaders shy away from telling - even while they smilingly
continue to abase themselves week after week before their wealthy parishioners.
It is an untold tragedy that is played out Sunday after Sunday in countless
churches all over the world, but especially here in this country.
GETTING BACK TO THE STORY OF GUATEMALA
All through the rest of 1952 and 1953, the CIA worked feverishly with
United Fruit, the Administration, and its friends in the evangelical
community to bring about the destruction of the Arbenz government. Arbenz
was branded a "communist;" and the Eisenhower Administration worked
to reassure the American people that what was at stake in Guatemala
was not just the property of the United Fruit Company, but the introduction
of communism into the hemisphere [a patent absurdity! - and everyone
who was in the "know" (i.e., Berle, the Dulles brothers, the Cabot brothers,
the CFR, etc.) knew it].
It was decided by all to use the OAS (Organization of American States)
as a "front" to overthrow Arbenz. After three weeks of intensive lobbying
among Latin American diplomats in Washington failed, the State Department's
political action officer in Guatemala suggested economic warfare to
keep Guatemala off balance until Washington could line up votes for
the proposed OAS meeting. The economic warfare included diverting oil
tankers to create a gasoline crisis, suspending credit to Guatemala,
and spreading a CIA rumor about impending U.S. economic sanctions to
stimulate a business panic and a "flight of capital."
The CIA's station chief in South Korea, Colonel Albert Haney, was
tapped for the job of overthrowing Arbenz. Haney's plan was for a multimillion-dollar
"Guatemalan exile" invasion backed by U.S. Marines, helicopters, and
C-47 transports, if necessary (interestingly, only 300 people ever actually
joined themselves to the "invasion force.") The CIA's "Voice of Liberation"
radio station (located in Honduras) began beaming to the country a "call
for desertion" by a Guatemalan pilot who had supposedly fled. Frightened,
Arbenz grounded his air force to prevent other air force desertions.
It was his first serious error. This left the skies open to CIA pilots.
Flying out of clandestine airstrips in Honduras, the bombers began pounding
Guatemala. There was not one Guatemalan pilot among them - all were
Americans in the pay of the CIA.
All the while, protestant missionaries contributed to "the cause"
by supplying vital information as towhat was going on with the grassroots
public, and where possible, helping to keep them "pacified" and clear
of the fighting - a project which later won them the effusive praise
of their CIA patrons. The missionaries had proven to be an invaluable
asset, especially in the mining state of Huehuetenango and among the
Cakchiquel Indians.
Unable to silence the CIA's radio broadcasts, Arbenz contributed further
to the panic by shutting off Guatemala City's electricity. This left
the CIA's radio as the only source of "developing news" consisting of
made-up reports about mythical rebel columns approaching the city. The
capital's residents promptly set up portable generators to listen -
and began to flee. With the CIA's explosions flashing over the darkened
city from the phony "air force" the CIA had assembled, the residents
of Guatemala City became convinced that they were experiencing something
like wartime London during the blitz. The end came quickly when the
army - terrorized itself by all the bombing, and never very supportive
of Arbenz in the first place - balked on taking to the field to crush
the leader of the coup, Castillo Armas - a CIA and United Fruit puppet.
THE MISSIONARIES' SAD LEGACY
The
missionaries were ecstatic as they celebrated the fall of the Arbenz
government, but even as they celebrated, many of their Protestant converts
were being swept up in the massive arrests that followed. Egged on by
United Fruit's investors, and by their lackeys in the Guatemalan military
and business communities, the police rounded up thousands and thousands
of Guatemalan peasants with little regard as to whether or not they
were under the supposed protection of the Protestant missionaries. It
seemed that in the rush to "settle old scores" with the peasants who
had "expropriated" their land, United Fruit didn't give a fig as to
the peasants religious affiliations or the promises they had made to
the Protestants. "Christianity" for United Fruit's investors and the
CIA had been merely a convenient mask for them to use in helping to
enlist the support of the missionaries - a mask which they would find
convenient to wear over and over again in the upcoming years. [Please
see our article on the Death Squads, "Death Squads: Bringing in the
Kingdom of God Through Terror, Torture And Death," and "Evangelicals
and The Death Squads: Oh What a Tangled Web We're Weaving."]
In
the eyes of the CIA and United Fruit, it seems that the protection the
Protestant missionaries had bought for themselves didn't extend to their
parishioners. Protestant Indians - including nineteen in Cam Townsend's
original mission - were executed. Many others "suffered the judgment
of God" for having even the slightest connection with the Arbenz government,
which meant - ipso facto - communism, at least insofar as United
Fruit and the CIA were concerned. A woman doctor with whom the Townsends
had been closely and lovingly associated had to flee after her husband
was arrested as an Arbenz supporter. Over 500 Ixil Maya Indians who
had been closely associated with Wycliffe, but who had also been Arbenz
supporters and had, as a result, participated in the land reform in
northern Quiche, were exiled to the jungles of Peten. Pocoman Maya Indians
who, like the Ixil Mayans were Christians, but who - like their brother
Indians, the Ixils, had been active in helping to unionize United Fruit's
plantation holdings in Guatemala - were jailed. It seems that belonging
to a union was the same as being a communist too. One Cakchiquel Indian
pastor who could watch his people die at the hands of the new government
for only so long, took to the hills to lead a Cakchiquel guerrilla unit;
eventually, he too was hunted down and killed. What a deal the Protestant
missionaries had cut! - protection for themselves at the expense of
their followers.
All the lands distributed to the peasantry by Arbenz were returned
to their former owners, predominantly United Fruit. More than 500 union
locals lost their legal registration, which effectively destroyed the
banana workers' federation. Guatemala's lands, its Indians, its plantations,
and its mines were once again open to American "investment" - and there
was Cam Townsend in the middle of it all - as a "toady" to his "big
business" allies. It was a black day for Wycliffe and SIL - but it wasn't
to end there.
The CIA and United Fruit needed help in covering up what had happened,
and they turned again to Townsend for help. Townsend began by helping
to muffle the protests of the Guatemalan Indians over the rollback of
Arbenz's agrarian reforms - and in spreading the CIA "cover story" back
home among his Protestant evangelical supporters, i.e., that Guatemala
had been saved from a near communist takeover. In return, SIL got land
from the government and money from United Fruit for a new headquarters.
But there was a price to be paid even beyond the sacrifice the Protestants
missionaries had made of their Indian followers - from that point on,
Wycliffe and the other Protestants became inextricably bound to the
CIA and their corporate allies, and the tone of Protestant missionary
work throughout the world became tinged with a second message besides
the Gospel - saving the world for the "American Free Enterprise System."
It seems that capitalism and the Gospel had become one and the same
thing. Behind the rhetoric of the CIA and their corporate sponsors about
"God and democracy" lay their real whispered message of corporate profits
and greed - and it was this quietly spoken message rather than the Gospel
that got Cam and his Protestant allies their unique ability to move
freely in the board rooms of America's largest corporations.
THE AMERICAN EMPIRE
Now it's not without reason that we have taken the time to tell
this story. We have told it because, in a nutshell, it lays bare all
the real facts behind America's new global empire - an empire which
by now encompasses nearly all the world. The driving force behind this
empire is corporate greed, the same force which drove United Fruit's
Boston investors into Guatemala in the first place. The attractiveness
of the "Developing World" to American investors lies in the fact that
enormous profits can be had there - profits on investment
which are not possible to achieve in the United States with its restrictions
on the use of labor, with its banking regulations, with its laws against
usury, with its trade unions, with its plethora of government regulations,
etc. No worry in the Third World about overtime pay, sick leave, holidays,
worker safety, etc. No concern there about toxic dumping. No concern
there about having to negotiate the clumsy political processes of democracy.
Governments in most of the Third World can be easily seized, held
at minimum expense and made to serve the economic interests of the multinationals.
All it takes is the cooperation of the local military, the local police,
the local business establishment - and a smattering of "hangers-on"
(but no more than 20 percent of the population, lest there be two many
locals involved with whom the multinationals must divvy up the profits).
This is what the Philippine Republic under Marcos was all about; this
is what Chile under Pinochet was all about; this is what Iran under
the shah was all about; this is what Argentina under the junta was all
about; this is what Zaire (the Congo) under Mobutu was all about; this
is what Indonesia under Suharto was all about; this is what Mexico under
Salinas was all about; this is what Panama, Guatemala, Brazil, Bolivia,
Paraguay, Malaysia, Columbia, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Morocco,
Turkey, the Dominican Republic, Venezuela on ad infinitum are
all about. This is what the American Empire is all about - CORPORATE
PROFITS!!
The naked truth of the matter is, since the end of World War II, the
United States - essentially using the model United Fruit "pioneered"
in Guatemala - has organized under its sponsorship and protection a
neo-colonial system of client states all over the world. The phenomenon
of Guatemala has now been "globalized." It is a system ruled mainly
by terror (i.e., through the use of "death squads" and state sponsored
terror) which serves the interests of American multinational companies
and a relatively small group of indigenous local businessmen and military
oligarchs.
The
ugly proclivities of these U.S. client states - including the systematic
use of torture - are functionally related to the needs of U.S. business
interests and are designed to help stifle unions and contain reformist
threats that might interfere with the freedom of action considered necessary
by the multinationals in order to enhance (maximize) profits. The proof
of the pudding is that U.S. bankers and industrialists have consistently
welcomed the "stability" of dictatorships in the American system of
client states whose governments are savage in their treatment of dissidents,
labor leaders, peasant organizers or others who threaten "order" (i.e.,
corporate profits), and which are at best indifferent to the mass of
the population - but states who otherwise have been accommodating to
the large external interests of the multinationals which they serve;
in other words, states who have bought their stability through the use
of terrorism. In an important sense, therefore, the torturers in the
client states are functionaries of IBM, Citibank, Ailis Chalmers, Nike,
Liz Claiborne, Ford, G.E., etc. This is what "Free Trade" is all
about - the sustenance and maintenance of this globe-girdling American
Empire of client states - client states whose purpose is to serve the
interests of America's system of multinationals, and - ipso facto
- feather the nests of their shareholders with the exorbitant profits
which are possible when doing business in the "Developing World."
[Please see our article on Chiapas.]
HIDING THE REAL STORY
FROM THE AMERICAN PUBLIC
With
the spread and huge dimension of the American system of client states
- complete with death squads, torture and repression - the gap between
what the American people have been told about their country and what
it has been up to in the Third World, and what it actually
is and what it has been doing there, has become a yawning chasm. But
woe to the person who tries to separate fact from fiction especially
insofar as "Free Trade" - the glue which holds the American Empire [please
see section II of chapter 14] together - is concerned. He does so at
the expense of becoming a very ugly target of those who are benefiting
by "Free Trade," specifically, America's corporate elites. Even Ross
Perot - as rich and powerful as he is - who tried so desperately to
bring the truth about "Free Trade" (specifically, NAFTA) to average
Americans during the Presidential election of 1996 - has now been "marginalized"
by America's elite-controlled press. By the time the elite media finished
with him, he had been savaged like few others in recent history, and
made to look not only like an idiot, but an "unbalanced" one as well.
This is what happens to people who "fool around" with the issue of "Free
Trade." "Free Trade" is the elite's ticket to extravagant wealth,
and anyone who dares to touch it is dealt with in the harshest possible
terms.
Nonetheless, so great has the gap between reality and fiction grown
insofar as America's regime of "Free Trade" is concerned, that with
each passing year it is becoming ever more difficult to hide the truth
from the American public, especially insofar as the cost "Free Trade"
has imposed on the paychecks, job security, and working conditions of
average Americans. Despite the fact that just about all the ideological
institutions of the country - all of which are in one way or another
in the service of America's corporate elite - have been brought to bear
in support of the Free Trade myth, the effort is beginning to fray at
the margins, especially as ever growing numbers of ordinary, average
American workers see their high-paying manufacturing jobs moved out
of the country and into Third World sweat shops, with the pay differential
being pocketed by Corporate America. Moreover, it is becoming ever more
difficult to depict Third World thugs like Pinochet, Mobutu, Suharto,
etc as respectable "leaders" worthy of the nation's subsidies and active
support. Equally serious is the problem of portraying the United States
as the "guardian of democracy" and "human rights" in the context of
its sponsorship of an American Empire controlled by what amounts to
be an international Mafia of ruthless dictators and greedy multinational
corporations whose only concern is the "bottom line."
Despite everything, however, the pundits and other soldiers of the
elite media carry on in their formidable task of rewriting history and
selecting, processing and creating "information." In this regard, the
so-called "Free Press" in the United States is functioning very much
in the manner of a system of state-controlled propaganda, and their
achievements are, in fact, quite awesome, despite the fact that, as
we just indicated, the effort is beginning to show signs of strain.
The fact is, the ability of the "Free Press" in the United States to
falsify, obscure, and reinterpret facts in the interest of those who
dominate the economy and the political system is a wonder to behold.
THE EMPIRE IS BEGINNING TO FRAY
Nevertheless,
while the U.S. and its allies have armed their client elites in the
Third World to the teeth, and have saturated them with counterinsurgency
weaponry and training, long-term elite control of the underlying populations
is by no means assured, unless and until the U.S. and its other allies
in the "First World" (i.e., Britain, France, Germany, Japan, etc.) acquire
the stomach to use RMA technology (see our article, "The Revolution
In Military Affairs And American World-Hegemony") against these
populations in a much more ruthless and merciless manner than they have
done up to now.[8] The economic and political abuse of Third World majorities
in the empire has by now become so flagrant, and their leaderships so
corrupt, inept and visionless, that explosions and loss of control are
highly likely in many states over the next several decades.
Not only that, it is possible that developments in the United States
and other industrialized states might also lead to an explosion, leading
to a real crisis at home (i.e., in the U.S. and in the "home countries"
of America's First World partners) which could result in a massive shift
toward rightist totalitarianism, a "Guatamalization" of the United States.
The massive loss of high-paying manufacturing jobs in the United States,
coupled with growing worker unrest and a new assertiveness in the nation's
labor movement has the potential to cause a lot of trouble for First
World elites, most particularly, American elites - the kind of unrest
which the elites could deal with only by a naked resort to force. (More
about all this in upcoming issues.)
Experience
shows that even the most effective system of ideological control has
its limitations once unrest reaches a critical mass. That kind of unrest
has already taken hold in many rural areas (please see our article ),
and if and when it reaches the cities as a result of worker unrest,
"all bets are off" and the battle will be joined in the cities between
the elites and the left wing (i.e., the labor unions and their socialist
allies) and in the rural areas between the elites and the populist right
(i.e., the militia groups, etc.). [please see our article on "A Growing
Rage in America's Heartland."] You can bet that when this happens,
the elites will slavishly turn to their Religious Right allies - just
as they did in Guatemala - for help. They'll offer them anything - money,
support for their social agenda (and this time they will follow through)
- anything! God help us all when this happens, for the most likely result
when all this occurs is that the Christian community in the United States
will take the bait. When it does so, there will be a massive rightward
politicization of the evangelical community.
BEGIN TAKING ACTION NOW
To many, it will seem that the Millennium has arrived. God and country
will be united. The dream of a "Christian America" will be realized.
But it will all be a hoax - a chimera -a dream designed by the elites
not for the Gospel, but rather for the preservation of CORPORATE
PROFITS. Nonetheless, it will all seem so real - just like it
did sixty-five years ago in Hitler's Germany.
It's for this reason that we ask you to begin to take action now.
If we can't begin to do so now, we certainly won't be able to do so
then, when the flags are flying, the bands are playing, the soldiers
are marching, and there's euphoria in the churches and in the streets.
If you can't do it now, you won't be able to do it then. To use a crude,
but very real example, it's like a man who sees a beautiful female co-worker
at work. He begins to meet her at the water cooler, and to make up excuses
to meet her at the coffee machine. The Lord says no, but he says everything's
OK. He has control. They begin to meet for lunch - then dinner. The
Lord continues to tell him to break it off, but still he delays. Finally,
he finds himself in a motel room in bed with her - and now he thinks
he will be able to say no? Not very likely!!! If he couldn't say no
at the water cooler, if he couldn't say no at the coffee machine, if
he couldn't say no at lunch, if he couldn't say no at dinner, what makes
him think he will be able to say no when he is at last lying in bed
with her?
You laugh, but that's the way so many of us are. We say that we will
be able to say no when the time comes. But if we can't say no now, we
won't be able to say no then - when the flags are flying, the bands
are playing, and all our friends and loved ones are urging us to "get
with the program."
This is for real!! No kidding around here!! We must begin to take
action now - if we wait, we may wait too long. The warning of Scripture
is:
COME OUT OF HER MY PEOPLE!!
Rev 19:4
That's the first thing we must do!
THE CHURCH'S SHEPHERDS
Pastors who are reading this - and we know that there are a lot of
you who are doing so - you must make an honest decision as to the direction
of your denomination is taking - a decision which in the end you alone
will be held responsible for. And remember this: you cannot abrogate
this responsibility!! There is no escape for you - if in your honest
assessment, the denomination with which you are affiliated is slipping
away, you must LEAD your church out of it - no matter
what the cost!! As we said in the Antipas Papers, the
fact is, the church's leadership bears a good deal of responsibility
for what has occurred. The failure of countless numbers of pastors to
LEAD - even in the face of a loss of income and the loss
of their ministry - bespeaks a cowardliness rarely exhibited in the
history of the church. Indeed, one of the most reprehensible faults
of pastors today is their failure to accept personal responsibility
for what has occurred. Church leaders who should know better vie with
one another to blame what has happened on everyone but themselves.
A church leader, however, cannot avoid the responsibility to lead
- even if that means that his entire congregation leaves him - and this
responsibility of leadership is recognized by secularists and Christians
alike; for example, as we indicated in the Antipas Papers,
take Louis XV of France; he clearly recognized this responsibility when
- after the disastrous battle of Tournay - he led the dauphin, who had
been responsible for France's defeat, onto the field of slaughter and
told him,
"... Here behold the victims you sacrificed (because of your timidity
and failure to lead) ... Preserve this in mind, that you may not sport
with the lives of your subjects, and be prodigal to their blood ..."
In the light of this, what will the leadership of today's evangelical
church do when at last they - like the dauphin of France - are brought
to the "field of battle" by their Lord and confronted with the loss
of their congregations to heretics because of their failure to take
a stand against those who led them astray? Pastors would do well to
remember that while it is a fearful thing to lose their paychecks and
ministries for the sake of speaking out, it is a much more fearful thing
to be called onto the carpet by Him to whom they must someday give account.
They can be sure that on THAT DAY, the necessity of preserving
their paychecks and ministries will not loom quite as large as it does
now. Concerning those shepherds who fail to take responsibility for
the flock over which they have been given charge, the Bible says:
"Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds ... and say ... Woe
be to the shepherds ... As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely because
my flock became a prey, and my flock became meat to every beast of
the field ... Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against the
shepherds; AND I WILL REQUIRE MY FLOCK AT THEIR HAND ..."
(Ezek. 34:2, 7-10)
The church's shepherds should bear in mind that in today's church,
a church leader seeks office; he is neither born in or driven
to it. A pastor, the head of a ministry, a teacher, an instructor at
a Bible school or seminary, etc. wants to hold his office. In
turn, the church's membership supports him, enhances his position with
privileges and perquisites, and endows him with honor not normally given
to the "rank-in-file." But, in return, the church's membership is entitled
to expect honesty and spiritual courage from their leaders - honesty
and courage enough to tell them not necessarily what they want to hear,
but what they need to hear, even if it means sacrificing themselves
and their families - after all, do they think they are somehow
better than Christ who sacrificed Himself for them?
THE CHURCH'S LAITY
But that's not the end of it. It's not just the leadership of the
church that will be to blame, it's the so-called "laity" that will have
to bear much of the blame as well. The fact is that while the church's
leadership is an easy target, blaming the condition of today's church
solely on its leadership is nothing more than a convenient "cop-out"
for most. In the end, it won't wash - at least in America [where there
has never been such a thing as a "national church" which is supported
out of the state's coffers regardless of the real popularity it enjoys
from its membership (such as is the case with the Anglican Church in
England or the Lutheran and Catholic churches in Germany - even today)].
Such an excuse by American evangelicals is farcical. The churches in
America are supported exclusively by the money they receive from their
membership, and if those who constitute that membership feel their particular
church is not "performing up to standard," they are free to withdraw
their support, leave and go to another church more to their liking -
or even form one of their own. In such circumstances, to indict the
church's leadership is to indict the church's membership.
The truth is, in America the church's membership is demonstrably more
responsible for the leadership's behavior than anywhere else in the
world. The difficult reality the laity must face is that the membership
of today's evangelical church has in fact supported much of the direction
the church has taken in recent years! - from the rapprochement with
the Catholics, to the "hokus pokus" that goes on in many of today's
Pentecostal and charismatic bodies, to the political relationships many
church leaders have established with the Moonies, to the participation
of many church leaders (i.e., Cubie Ward, Larry Lea, Pat Robertson,
etc.) with "death squad" activity in Central and South America (see
Religion in Politics, vol. 1, nos. 2 and 3), etc. All
this hasn't been necessarily foisted on an unsuspecting church membership,
and when evangelical "lay-people" fail to speak out against what is
happening, they are acquiescing to what's going on - no matter what
the reason they give for not speaking out.
It's for this reason that the onus for the sorry condition of today's
evangelical church must fall primarily on the so-called "laity."
The fact is, that if a sufficient number of them in any given church
spoke out and demanded a change - a return to the old-fashioned evangelicalism
of D.L. Moody, Harry Ironside, Donald Barnhouse, etc. - than the leadership
would undoubtedly go along, whether they wanted to or not. After all,
their pay checks are dependent on the tithes and "offerings" of the
"lay-people," and if enough of them left, they (i.e., the church's leaders)
would be out on the street. This is, after all, not the 16th century,
and American evangelicals are not confronting - at least not yet - some
omniscient, all-powerful church which can call upon the state to put
guns to the heads of those who, for the sake of conscience, want to
leave.
While we admit that leaving one's "church home" is easy to suggest,
but difficult to do - still, it's not an impossible task, at least not
now and not in America. Indeed, the contention by some well-meaning
Christians that in confronting the errors of our leadership, evangelicals
are facing the same difficulties the Reformers faced 500 years ago is
beneath contempt. American evangelicals are not in danger of losing
their lives when they confront the power of their leadership; they're
not in danger of having their property confiscated; they're not in danger
of torture for speaking out. The most they face is ostracism, and if
they can't face that, then they have no right to call themselves "Christian."
Jesus said,
"Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to
send peace, but a sword. For I am come to set a man at variance against
his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter
in law against her mother in law. And a man's foes shall be they
of his own household. He that loveth father or mother more than me
is not worthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than
me is not worthy of me. And he that taketh not his cross,
and followeth after me, is not worthy of me. He that findeth
his life shall lose it: and he that loseth his life for my sake shall
find it." (Matt. 10:34-39)
FEAR OF OSTRACISM
The fact is, however, evangelical lay people do fear losing the respect
of their families and friends, even for the sake of conscience - and
this, more than anything else, explains why they refuse to speak out.
They care more for the love and respect that their friends and families
offer than they care for the love of the Lord Jesus Christ. Fear of
ostracism does more to explain the feckless acquiescence of evangelicals
to their church's rapprochement with the Catholics than anything else.
It's not that they don't know better! It's not that they are not familiar
with the Gospel. It's not that they really fear the church's leadership
when it threatens those "who refuse to go along" with the judgment of
"hell-fire" for "rebellion against the Lord's anointed." Most evangelicals
don't really believe that! - these are just contrivances, excuses that
they give for not speaking out! What evangelical "lay people" really
fear is not the danger of "hell-fire," but the danger of losing their
families and friends. Unfortunately, what they are really demonstrating
by this fear is their "unworthiness" for citizenship in the "Kingdom
of Heaven" - their unworthiness of being called disciples of Christ!
Isn't this what Jesus said? Isn't this what He meant when He said,
"He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of
me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not
worthy of me?" (Matt. 10:37)
Surely it is! By "going along to get along," by worshipping at the
feet of "unity at any cost," "lay evangelicals" are - by their deeds,
if not their words - demonstrating the fact that they are not worthy
to be called "evangelical."
Heretics (for that's what evangelicals of years gone by would have
called anyone who countenanced a relationship with the Church of Rome)
have seized control of the church using "unity" as their battle cry
and threatening ostracism against anyone who speaks out against what
they are doing. The fear by the "lay-people" of losing family and friends
is the basis of the power these heretics wield over the church. Of course,
compared to what the Reformers faced, this power is empty of any real
substance - and the failure of American Christians to confront it is
a testimony of how little they really love the Lord Jesus Christ, and
how little they honor His Word.
HOUSE CHURCHES
We have said that in the Last Days, the battle that we will all confront
is a battle for the church - for the church's soul. We must all become
engaged in that battle, because we cannot fight the forces of hell as
isolated individuals. The Bible says that the gates of hell cannot prevail
against the church (Matt. 16:18) - but you can bet that they sure can
prevail against us as isolated Christians.
The Bible says that it is through the church that God
intends to make known unto the -
"... principalities and powers in heavenly places ... the manifold
wisdom of God,
"According to the eternal purpose which he purposed in Christ Jesus
our Lord ..." (Eph. 3:10-11)
To those of you who belong to churches who are now taking a stand
against what's going on, we urge you to stay! As we have said so often
before, pastors who are standing up against the apostasy of these "Last
Days" deserve all the support they can get.
But for those who cannot find such a church - you are not thereby
relieved of the responsibility insofar as the church is concerned.
DEALING WITH THE CHARGE THAT "HOUSE-
CHURCHES" ARE NOT REAL CHURCHES
There are many who will say that house-churches are not real churches.
They maintain that house-churches cannot possible contain all the ministries
of the "real church;" that at best home meetings can function only as
prayer groups, Bible studies, etc. - but not as churches; that people
who meet as a "house-church" will never reach maturity in the Lord.
However, such thinking is spurious and contrary to church history
and the Scriptures. While it's true that the apostles initially went
into the synagogues (which were, of course, the relatively large meeting
halls of the Jews) to preach the Gospel, it wasn't long before they
were kicked out - and where did they go then? - to their homes! And
there they stayed for almost 300 years (until 325 AD). Are we to say,
then, that these early churches were not real churches? - hardly!
And what about the Scriptures? What do they say? The fact of the matter
is, they lend undeniable and very concrete support to the concept of
the "house-church:"
Rom. 16:5 - "... also {greet} the church that is
in their house. Greet Epaenetus, my beloved, who is the first
convert to Christ from Asia."
1 Cor. 16:19 - "The churches of Asia greet you. Aquila
and Prisca greet you heartily in the Lord, with the church that
is in their house."
Col. 4:15 - "Greet the brethren who are in Laodicea
and also Nympha and the church that is in her house."
Philem. 1:2 - "... and to Apphia our sister, and to
Archippus our fellow soldier, and to the church in your house
..."
Acts 2:2 - "And suddenly there came from heaven a
noise like a violent, rushing wind, and it filled the whole house
where they were sitting."
Acts 2:46 - "And day by day continuing with one mind
in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, they
were taking their meals together with gladness and sincerity of heart
..."
Acts 12:12 - "And when he realized {this,} he went
to the house of Mary, the mother of John who was also called
Mark,where many were gathered together and were praying."
Acts 16:34 - "And he brought them into his house
and set food before them, and rejoiced greatly, having believed in
God with his whole household."
Acts 16:40 - "... And they went out of the prison
and entered {the house of} Lydia, and when they saw the brethren,
they encouraged them and departed."
Acts 20:20 - "... how I did not shrink from declaring
to you anything that was profitable, and teaching you publicly and
from house to house ..."
Moreover, if house-churches do not constitute real churches, then
what does one say about the Church in China - a church that has met
ONLY in homes for the past sixty years, but one which,
nonetheless, is flourishing - having grown to over a hundred million
souls. Is this not a real church?
HOUSES vs. BUILDINGS; IS THE ONE MORE
"SPIRITUAL" THAN THE OTHER?
In all of this, one thing should be clearly understood; we are not
saying that it is unscriptural to meet in buildings; neither are we
saying that to meet in homes is more "spiritual." We are just saying
that to meet in homes is NOT unscriptural! nor does it necessarily lead
to less of a spiritual result than meeting in large meeting halls. The
fact of the matter is, there are good things and bad things attached
to both modes of meeting. And we should leave it at that!
While theologians have gone to great lengths to define the church,
to model it in a particular fashion, and to impose their concepts on
other people (and other cultures), it's interesting to note that the
Bible itself is rather vague on the subject of how the church should
meet - whether in buildings or in homes, whether formally or informally.
This vagueness stands in stark contrast to the detailed and sometimes
even ponderous instructions in the Old Testament as to how the Temple
service was to be organized. In comparison to what the Old Testament
has to say about the Temple service, the New Testament has very little
to say about how the church is to meet.
But it's vague on purpose! Why? - because the church is universal
and was structured to adapt itself to different cultures, different
times, and different situations. Indeed, it's precisely this adaptability
that has been one of the great secrets of the church's success through
the ages - it's ability to adapt to differing cultures and differing
situations!! There is, therefore, no point in arguing which way is right
or which way is wrong. There are pros and cons to each form. The important
thing for the church is to follow the Lord and adapt to the circumstances
and time in which it is living. The only question before us now, therefore,
is if these are the "end times," which form of "church life"
should we adopt to best enable us to get through the coming persecution
(which will break out against us not only as the result of state persecution,
but also as the result of the persecution of the "Apostate Church").
In other words, which form of "church life" should we embrace which
will enhance our ability to be witnesses to the unmerited favor and
Grace of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ, in a situation characterized
by severe, unmitigated and unrelenting persecution?
Even if we believe that the message of the Antipas Papers is
only half-right, then I believe - eventually - there will probably only
be one answer - we must adopt the "house-church" model! Even
for churches which are able to extract themselves as a whole from the
Apostate Church - even those will be forced, eventually, into their
homes - and pastors must begin to prepare their people for such an eventuality.
Again, remember what prophecy is all about! - prophecy is like
a road sign which warns of dangers to come BEFORE they
come, because if we wait to do anything about the danger until it finally
presents itself, it will be too late to act.
THE CHARACTER OF THE
"END TIMES" CHURCH
But such fellowships must go far beyond the shallow fellowships that
characterizes far too much of Christianity today. It must be the
unconditional sharing of our lives with one another as members of the
Body of Christ. The church should consist of thousands and thousands
of small, informal and structurally independent communities of loving
defiance to the Babylonian system of things which now surrounds us.
Christian fellowship in the early church meant the total spiritual,
emotional and financial availability of one to the other. Through such
commitment, the early church was able to defy the Roman world - so also
with us today.
If
we organize ourselves in such a fashion, then we will be able to carry
on the work of the church come what may - and that work is to prophesy
against the apostasy which is now organizing itself against the true
church of God "clothed in sackcloth" (Revelation 11:3):
"And I will give power to my TWO WITNESSES (Israel and the Church)
and they will prophesy one thousand two hundred and sixty days [3-1/2
years], clothed in sackcloth. 'These are the TWO OLIVE TREES and the
TWO LAMPSTANDS standing before God ... " (Rev. 11:3-4 and 7:9-10,
14) [Again, please see Chapter VII of the Antipas Papers ("The Two
Witnesses.")]
Soon, very soon, we will begin Dene's series of articles. Pray that
God will prepare your hearts to receive this message - remember, the
church is the issue in the "End of Days."
God bless all of you.
S.R. Shearer
Antipas Ministries
- See page 53 of Noam Chomsky's book, The Washington Connection and
Third World Fascism, Boston, South End Press, 1979. Jesser's remarks
were made specifically about Brazil - but they reflect the attitudes
of most American investors in Latin America.
- But bear in mind here, the American elite also has a "conservative"
arm - more about that in later articles.
- pg. 265, Colby.
- Pg. 233, Colby.
- Colby, pg. 233.
- Colby, pg. 233.
- Understood.
- There is a good deal of indication that it is preparing to do so
insofar as the Muslim nations of the Middle East are concerned - using
the threat of "terror" as a pretext and a "cover." (What they're really
protecting, of course, is ARAMCO, Mobil Exxon, etc.)
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